Carpinus betulus (common hornbeam) is a member of the Betulaceae family. This tree exhibits a bushy growth habit and is characterized by its deciduous foliage. It has a hardiness rating of very hardy (colder than -20ºc) and is hardy in the severest European continental climates including exposed upland locations in the UK.
When fully mature, Carpinus betulus can reach an ultimate height of over 12 metres and a spread of wider than 8 metres. For optimal growth, it prefers an east–facing, south–facing, north–facing, or west–facing aspect and an exposed or sheltered position. It thrives best in chalk, clay, loam, or sand soil types and should be placed in full sun or partial shade.
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