Dryopteris filix-mas (male fern) is a member of the Dryopteridaceae family. This fern exhibits a tufted growth habit and is characterized by its deciduous foliage. It has a hardiness rating of very hardy (colder than -20ºc), and is hardy in the severest european continental climates including exposed upland locations in the uk. .
When fully mature, Dryopteris filix-mas can reach an ultimate height of 1–1.5 metres and a spread of 0.5–1 metres. For optimal growth, it prefers north–facing, west–facing, east–facing, south–facing aspect and exposed, sheltered exposure. It thrives best in chalk, clay, loam, sand soil types and should be placed in a full shade, partial shade position.
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Flower
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Foliage
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Fruit
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Stem
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